div data-thumb="https://scx1.b-cdn.net/csz/news/tmb/2023/sars-cov-2-only-neutra.jpg" data-src="https://scx2.b-cdn.net/gfx/news/hires/2023/sars-cov-2-only-neutra.jpg" data-sub-html="Principle of cell-culture-based neutralization assays. (A) Conventional virus-neutralization test (VNT) and (B) pseudovirus-neutralization test (pVNT) are laboratory methods primarily used for identifying whether neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) against SARS-CoV-2 are present in the patient sample. Both tests involve incubating patient serum with the virus (A) or pseudovirus (B), and then inoculating onto cell culture. If NAbs are present and the virus is neutralized, the cells will not be infected. Accordingly, there will be a reduction in plaque formation or expression of virus proteins in the plaque-reduction neutralization assay (PRNT) and focus-reduction neutralization assay (FRNT), respectively. If NAbs are not present, the virus will infect the cells. In pVNT, a recombinant or chimeric virus with SARS-CoV-2 S protein on its surface bearing a reporter gene is used for increased safety and easier readout. A reduction in the reporter gene expression reflects the presence of NAbs. Credit: International Journal of Molecular Sciences (2023). DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065352" 基于细胞培养的中和试验原理。(A)常规病毒中和试验(VNT)和(B)伪病毒中和试验(pVNT)是主要用于确定患者样本中是否存在抗SARS-CoV-2中和抗体(nab)的实验室方法。这两种测试都涉及用病毒(A)或假病毒(B)培养患者血清,然后接种到细胞培养物中。如果存在nab,病毒被中和,细胞就不会被感染。相应地,在空斑减少中和试验(PRNT)和焦点减少中和试验(FRNT)中,分别会减少空斑形成或病毒蛋白的表达。如果NAbs不存在,病毒就会感染细胞。在pVNT中,使用表面带有SARS-CoV-2 S蛋白的重组病毒或嵌合病毒,以提高安全性和更容易读出。报告基因表达的减少反映了nab的存在。信贷: 国际分子科学杂志(2023)。DOI: 10.3390 / ijms24065352