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厦门大学旅美博士发表《自然》文章
【字体: 大 中 小 】 时间:2006年12月08日 来源:生物通
编辑推荐:
电离辐射(ionizing radiation,IR)是指能引起被作用物质电离的辐射,这是一种目前治疗胶质母细胞瘤(glioblastoma)最有效的方法,但是这种放射性疗法(radiotherapy)由于存在抗放射性(radioresistance),因此治疗效果不理想,其中的机制至今尚不清楚。来自杜克大学医学中心(Duke University Medical Center)神经生物学系,外科系,Preston Robert Tisch 脑肿瘤中心(Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center)等处的研究人员发现癌症干细胞在这一过程中扮演的重要角色:通过DNA损伤检控点(DNA damage checkpoint)应答激活和DNA修复能力的提升赋予胶质瘤细胞抗放射性。这也许说明了以癌症干细胞DNA损伤检验点为靶标的治疗是克服肿瘤抗放射能力,治疗癌症的新希望,也为脑瘤等具有抗放射性的癌症的治疗提供了新思路。这一研究成果公布在12月7日《Nature》杂志上。
生物通报道:电离辐射(ionizing radiation,IR)是指能引起被作用物质电离的辐射,这是一种目前治疗胶质母细胞瘤(glioblastoma)最有效的方法,但是这种放射性疗法(radiotherapy)由于存在抗放射性(radioresistance),因此治疗效果不理想,其中的机制至今尚不清楚。来自杜克大学医学中心(Duke University Medical Center)神经生物学系,外科系,Preston Robert Tisch 脑肿瘤中心(Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center)等处的研究人员发现癌症干细胞在这一过程中扮演的重要角色:通过DNA损伤检控点(DNA damage checkpoint)应答激活和DNA修复能力的提升赋予胶质瘤细胞抗放射性。这也许说明了以癌症干细胞DNA损伤检验点为靶标的治疗是克服肿瘤抗放射能力,治疗癌症的新希望,也为脑瘤等具有抗放射性的癌症的治疗提供了新思路。这一研究成果公布在12月7日《Nature》杂志上。
这一研究报告的第一作者是杜克大学外科系的鲍仕登(Shideng Bao,音译)博士,早年毕业于武汉大学生科院,于厦门大学获得博士学位。
原文摘要:
Nature 444, 756-760 (7 December 2006) |
doi:10.1038/nature05236; Received 1 June 2006; Accepted 7 September 2006; Published online 18 October 2006
Glioma stem cells promote radioresistance by preferential activation of the DNA damage response
[Abstract]
胶母细胞瘤,即多形性胶质母细胞瘤,世界卫生组织命名为4型神经胶质瘤。这种肿瘤生长快,病程短,是一种最常见的脑胶质瘤之一,占胶质瘤的25%以上,也是最恶性的一种。目前主要的治疗的方法就是手术切除与术后放疗等结合,但是由于胶质母细胞瘤对放射性等治疗方法有高度抗性并且是致死率极高的脑部肿瘤,所以尽管入侵性治疗能够杀死大多数癌细胞,但是无法作到全部切除,常常重新发展为体积更大的癌细胞团。
这其中到底是什么导致这些肿瘤具有不同寻常的抗性呢?在这篇研究报告中,Bao等人通过动物和培养细胞实验发现在接受放射性治疗后,细胞中DNA损伤检验点应答过程能帮助癌症干细胞开启自发修复DNA损伤的信号,躲过放射波的袭击。
研究人员首先建立了两个独立的实验模型,一种模型是提取胶质母细胞瘤细胞进行实验室培养;另一种模型是移植瘤组织到小鼠大脑额叶(frontal lobes)中去。在第一个实验中,研究人员对原始组织中神经胶质瘤干细胞细胞计数后进行电离辐射,电离辐射治疗的主要原理是引起细胞遗传物质DNA发生永久性损伤,而结果显示胶质瘤干细胞的数量大约上升了四倍。从中研究人员得出结论认为胶质瘤干细胞比其它癌症干细胞更能适应放射引起的DNA损伤事件,从而幸存下来并且扩增的更多。
为了证实这一推论,研究人员在组织样本中寻找与检测DNA损伤有关的特异蛋白,结果发现在电离辐射后,胶质瘤干细胞中的DNA损伤检控点蛋白比其它癌细胞中的检验点蛋白活性高出许多。因此他们认为DNA损伤检控点蛋白在这一事件中扮演着重要角色。
在另一项实验中,研究人员对移植了瘤组织的小鼠大脑额叶在放射治疗前后分别施用debromohymenialdisine(是一种能抑制蛋白作用的药物),并且进行癌症干细胞计数,结果显示放射前施加药物对癌症干细胞数量变化影响不大;施药和放射治疗同时进行能够增强癌症干细胞的抗辐射能力。这些发现说明在进行放射性治疗时加入分子检验点抑制剂能抑制细胞的自我修复能力,提高细胞的死亡率。
(生物通:万纹)
附:
Shideng Bao, Ph.D
Assistant Research Professor
Department of Surgery
Duke University Medical Center
sbao@duke.edu
Ph.D in Cell Biology, Xiamen University, China
BS in Biology, Wuhan University, China
Research Interests
Brain Cancer Stem Cell and Brain Tumor progression.
Checkpoint Signaling in Brain Cancer Stem Cell
Publications
Bao S, Wu Q, McLendon RE, Hao Y, Shi Q, Hjelmeland AB, Bigner DD, Rich JN. Cancer stem cells contribute to radioresistance of malignant glioma through preferential activation of DNA damage checkpoint and repair. (Nature, in press, 2006).
Bao S, Wu Q, Sathornsumetee S, Hao Y, Li Z, Hjelmeland AB, Shi Q, McLendon RE, Bigner DD, Rich JR. Stem cell-like glioma cells promote tumor angiogenesis through vascular endothelial growth factor. Cancer Res., 2006, 66:7843-7848.
Bao S, Ouyang G, Bai X, Huang Z, Ma C, Liu M, Shao R, Anderson RM, Rich JN and Wang X-F. Periostin Potently Promotes Metastatic Growth of Colon Cancer by Augmenting Cell Survival via the Akt/PKB Pathway. Cancer Cell, 2004, 5: 329-339.
Bao S, Tibbetts RS, Brumbaugh KM, Fang Y, Richardson DA, Ali A, Chen SM, Abraham RT, and Wang X-F. ATR/ATM mediated phosphorylation of human Rad17 is required for genotoxic stress responses. Nature, 2001, 411: 969-974.
Bao S, Chang MS, Auclair D, Sun Y, Wang Y, Wong WK, Zhang J, Liu Y, Qian X, Sutherland R, Magi-Galluzi C, Weisberg E, Cheng EY, Hao L, Sasaki H, Campbell MS, Kraeft SK, Loda M, Lo KM, and Chen LB. HRad17, a human homologue of the Schizosaccharomyces pombe checkpoint gene rad17, is overexpressed in colon carcinoma. Cancer Res. 1999, 59: 2023-2028.
Bao S, Shen X, Shen K, Liu Y and Wang X-F. The mammalian Rad24 homologous to yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae Rad24 and Saccharomyces pombe Rad17 is involved in DNA damage checkpoint. Cell Growth & Differ. 1998, 9: 961-967.
Barnard GF, Staniunas RJ, Bao S, Mafune K, Steele Jr GD, Gollan JL and Chen LB. Increased expression of human ribosomal phosphoprotein PO messenger RNA in hepatocellular carcinoma and colon carcinoma. Cancer Res. 1992, 52: 3067-3072.
Lo SH, An Q, Bao S, Wong WK, Liu Y, Janmey PA, Hartwig JH and Chen LB. Molecular cloning of chick cardiac muscle tensin: full-length cDNA sequence, expression and characterization. J. Biol. Chem. 1994, 269: 22310-22319.
Barnard GF, Mori, Staniunas RJ, Bao S, Puder M, Cobb J, Redman KL, Steele Jr GD and Chen LB. Ubiquitin fusion proteins are overexpressed in colon cancer but not in gastric cancer. Bioch. Bioph. Acta, 1995, 1272: 147-153.
Shou W, Aghdasi B, Armstrong DL, Guo Q, Bao S, Charng MJ, Mathews LM, Schneider MD, Hamilton, SL and Matzuk MM. Cardiac defects and altered ryanodine receptor function in mice lacking FKBP12. Nature, 1998, 391: 489-492.
Palapattu G, Bao S, Kumar KJ and Matzuk MM. Transgenic mice models for tumor suppressor genes. Cancer Detec. & Prev., 1998, 22: 75-86.
Shao R, Bao S, Bai X, Blanchette C, Anderson RM, Dang T, Gishizky ML, Marks JR and Wang X-F. Acquired expression of periostin by human breast cancers promotes tumor angiogenesis through up-regulation of VEGF receptor 2 expression. Mol. Cell. Biol., 2004, 24: 3992-4003.
Huang Z, Bao S. Roles of pro- and anti-angiogenic factors in tumor angiogenesis. World J. Gastro., 2004, 10: 463-470.
Chen H, Shi S, Acosta L, Li W, Lu J, Bao S, Chen Z, Yang Z, Schneider MD, Chien KR, Conway SJ, Yoder MC, Haneline LS, Franco D and Shou W. BMP-10 is essential for maintaining cardiac growth during murine cardiogenesis. Development, 2004, 131: 2219-2231.
Ouyang G, Cai Q, Huang Z, Jiang R, Liu M and Bao S. Growth arrest and apoptosis of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells induced by Hexamethylene bisacetamide. World J. Gastro., 2004, 10: 954-958.
Ali A, Zhang J, Bao S, Liu I, Otterness D, Dean NM, Abraham RT and Wang X-F. Requirement of protein phosphatase 5 in DNA-damage-induced ATM activation. Genes Dev., 2004, 18: 249-254.
Shi Q, Bao S, Maxwell JA, Reese ED, Friedman HS, Bigner DD, Wang X-F and Rich JN. Secreted protein Acidic, Rich in Cysteine (SPARC) mediates cellular survival of gliomas through AKT activation. J. Biol. Chem. 2004, 279:52200-52209.
Song G, Ouyang G and Bao S. The activation of Akt/PKB signaling pathway and cell survival. J. Cell. Mol. Med. 2005, 9:59-61.
Mao Y, Song G, Cai Q, Liu M, Luo H, Shi M, Ouyang G, Bao S. Hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis in human gastric carcinoma MGC803 cells. Cell Biol. Int., 2005, 30:332-337.
Song G, Mao Y, Cai F, Ouyang G, Bao S. Curcumin induces human HT-29 colon adenocarcinoma cell apoptosis by activating p53 and regulating apoptosis-related protein expression. Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res., 2005, 38:1791-1798.
Dang T, Bao S, Wang XF. Human Rad9 is required for the activation of S-phase checkpoint and the maintenance of chromosomal stability. Genes Cells. 2005; 10:287-95.
Zhang J, Bao S, Furumai R, Kucera K, Ali A, Dean NM, Wang X-F. Protein phosphatase 5 is required for ATR-mediated checkpoint activation. Mol. Cell. Biol., 2005, 25:9910-9919.