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多种测序技术研究卵巢癌可塑性
【字体: 大 中 小 】 时间:2013年11月18日 来源:生物通
编辑推荐:
一项对卵巢癌中遗传突变的最新研究表明,在卵巢癌原发肿瘤和转移病灶中都存在一个前所未有水平的遗传变异。这项研究显示了干预治疗的新途径,表明多个疾病部位的取样和测序可能是有效的打靶治疗所必需的。这项研究发表在11月12日的Genome Research杂志上。
生物通报道:一项对卵巢癌中遗传突变的最新研究表明,在卵巢癌原发肿瘤和转移病灶中都存在一个前所未有水平的遗传变异。这项研究显示了干预治疗的新途径,表明多个疾病部位的取样和测序可能是有效的打靶治疗所必需的。这项研究发表在11月12日的Genome Research杂志上。
卵巢癌是卵巢肿瘤的一种恶性肿瘤,是指生长在卵巢上的恶性肿瘤,其中90%到95%为卵巢原发性的癌,另外5%到10%为其它部位原发的癌转移到卵巢。由于卵巢癌早期缺少症状,即使有症状也不特异,筛查的作用又有限,因此早期诊断比较困难。因此,虽然卵巢癌的发病率低于宫颈癌和子宫内膜癌居妇科恶性肿瘤的第三位,但死亡率却超过宫颈癌和子宫内膜癌之和,高居妇科癌症首位,每年全球有220000人患这种疾病,其中有1400001人死亡,是严重威胁妇女健康的最大疾患,这就迫切需要针对这种疾病的改进疗法。
由荷兰乌德勒支大学医学中心和美国Life Technologies公司的科学家们发表在11月12日的Genome Research杂志上的一项研究,采用多种测序方法研究了卵巢癌中的遗传突变。研究者检测了总共27份从从三位卵巢癌晚期(IIIC/IV)妇女的原发肿瘤和远处转移病灶收集的癌症活检样本。研究者通过利用各种各样的方法,分析了癌症样本和匹配的正常组织样本,包括转录组测序、末端配对测序和几种目标基因测序panel。测序在都来自Life Technologies公司的Applied Biosystems SOLiD 5500xL和Ion Personal Genome Machine(PGM)上进行,采用Life的Ion AmpliSeq Comprehensive Cancer Panel,这是一种囊括了超过400个癌症相关基因的panel。这项研究代表首次使用囊括409个癌基因的这种panel的同行评议的出版物。
生物通推荐原文摘要:
Genomic and transcriptomic plasticity in treatment-naïve ovarian cancer.
Abstract:Intra-tumor heterogeneity is a hallmark of many cancers and may lead to therapy resistance or interfere with personalized treatment strategies. Here, we combined topographic mapping of somatic breakpoints and transcriptional profiling to probe intra-tumor heterogeneity of treatment-naïve stage IIIC/IV epithelial ovarian cancer. We observed that most substantial differences in genomic rearrangement landscapes occurred between metastases in the omentum and peritoneum versus tumor sites in the ovaries. Several cancer genes such as NF1, CDKN2A and FANCD2 were affected by lesion-specific breakpoints. Furthermore, the intra-tumor variability involved different mutational hallmarks including lesion-specific kataegis (local mutation shower coinciding with genomic breakpoints), rearrangement classes and coding mutations. In one extreme case, we identified two independent TP53 mutations in ovary tumors and omentum/peritoneum metastases, respectively. Examination of gene expression dynamics revealed upregulation of key cancer pathways including WNT, integrin, chemokine and hedgehog signalling in only subsets of tumor samples from the same patient. Finally, we took advantage of the multi-level tumor analysis to understand the effects of genomic breakpoints on qualitative and quantitative gene expression changes. We show that intra-tumor gene expression differences are caused by site-specific genomic alterations, including formation of in frame fusion genes. These data highlight the plasticity of ovarian cancer genomes, which may contribute to their strong capacity to adapt to changing environmental conditions and give rise to the high rate of recurrent disease following standard treatment regimes.