05中科院候选院士介绍：桂建芳

　　【编者按】：我国的院士评选是从1955年开始的，在正常情况下每两年评选一次。分别由中国科学院和中国工程院评选出中科院院士和工程院院士，合称两院院士。一直以来院士选举似乎都距离大家十分遥远，但是大家对它是十分关心的。相信大家都想知道最终产生的院士会是哪些优秀的科学家，生物通在增选结果即将揭晓的时候做个民意调查，看看哪些候选院士是众望所归。

个人简历：桂建芳，男，汉族，1956年6月28日出生，中共党员，理学博士，中国科学院水生生物研究所研究员、博士生导师、所长，淡水生态与生物技术国家重点实验室主任；中国水产学会副理事长，湖北省遗传学会和湖北省生物工程学会副理事长，中国鱼类学会理事，中国遗传学会理事；《水生生物学报》主编，《Cell Research》、《Pakistan Journal of Zoology》、《实验生物学报》、《遗传学报》、《遗传》、《动物学研究》、《海洋与湖沼》、《中国水产科学》编委；国家科学技术部973计划"重要养殖鱼类品种改良的遗传和发育基础研究"项目首席科学家；国家水产原良种审定委员会副主任；武汉大学、南昌大学和海南大学兼职教授。

1982年1月毕业于武汉大学细胞生物学专业，获学士学位； 1984年12月在武汉大学遗传学专业获硕士学位，同年到中国科学院水生生物研究所工作；1995年6月在中国科学院水生生物研究所获理学博士学位。1991年12月至1994年9月曾在美国俄亥俄医学院和加州大学圣迭戈校区进行工作访问和博士后研究，主要研究RNA剪接与细胞周期调控的关系。在水生所主要从事与鱼类育种生物技术相关的遗传、细胞和发育生物学研究。已在《Nature》、《PNAS》、《Gene》、《J. Mol. Evol.》、《Dev.Biol.》、《Mol.Biol.Evol.》、《Aquaculture》、《J.Fish Biol.》、《中国科学》和《科学通报》等国内外核心刊物上发表研究论文160多篇，被SCI引用700多次，在国内外作大会或特邀报告40多次，出版论著5部。已培养毕业博士16名，硕士5名，毕业的博士中获中国科学院院长特别奖1名，优秀奖1名。作为主持人获湖北省自然科学奖一等奖1项（2003年），中国科学院自然科学奖三等奖1项（1995年），国家“八五”科技攻关重大成果奖1项（1996年），作为第二完成人获湖北省自然科学奖二等奖1项（2004年），参与完成的成果获国家自然科学奖二等奖1项（1995年）；授权专利4项，另申报专利5项。1988获中国青年科技奖，1989年获中国科学院青年科学家奖二等奖，1990年获湖北省青年科技精英称号，1994年获国家杰出青年科学基金资助，1995年获中国科学院青年科学家奖一等奖， 1996年获香港求是科技基金会杰出青年学者奖，1997年入选国家百千万人才工程，1998年获中国科学院优秀研究生导师奖，1998年获中国科学院有突出贡献的中青年专家称号，2003年获中国科学院优秀研究生导师奖，2003年获湖北省“五一劳动奖章”， 2004年获湖北省“劳动模范”， 2004年获科技部国家重点实验室计划先进个人等荣誉称号。

近期的主要研究方向为鱼类发育遗传学和遗传育种工程。研究工作主要集中两个方面，一是在鱼类生殖、生长和免疫相关基因的鉴定方面，试图揭示鱼类雌核发育和卵子发生的调控机理，阐述鱼类早期胚胎发育过程中基因的时空表达，鉴别鱼类抗病基因；二是在水产动物分子遗传标记的鉴定和应用方面，试图找到用于区分水产动物不同种群或不同品系的分子标记，并将其应用于生态遗传和遗传育种研究。此外，还致力于鱼类细胞工程技术研究，如细胞培养和基因组操作等。

代表作：

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[2]  Gui,J.F., Jia,J., Liang,S.C., Jiang,Y.G., Meiotic chromosome behaviour in male triploid transparent color crucian carp, Carassius auratus L.  J.Fish Biol., 41(1992): 317-326.

[3]  Gui,J.F., Liang,S.C., Zhu,L.F., Jiang, Y.G., Discovery of multiple tetraploids in artificially propagated populations of allogynogenetic silver crucian carp and their breeding potentialities.  Chinese Science Bulletin, 38(4)(1993): 327-331.

[4]  Gui,J.F., Liang,S.C., Zhu,L.F., Jiang,Y.G.., Discovery of two different reproductive development modes of the eggs of artificial multiple tetraploid allogynogenetic silver crucian carp. Chinese Science Bulletin, 38(4)(1993): 332-337. 

[5]   Gui,J.-F., Liang,S.C., Zhu,L.F., Jiang Y.G., Preliminary confirmation of gynogenetic reproductive mode in artificial multiple tetraploid allogynogenetic silver crucian carp.  Chinese Science Bulletin, 38(1)(1993): 67-70. 

[6]  Gui,J.F., Lane,W.S., Fu,X.-D.,  A serine kinase regulates intracellular locatization of splicing factors in the cell cycle.  Nature, 369(1994): 678-682.

[7]  Gui,J.F., Tronchere,H., Chandler,S.D., Fu,X.-D., Purification and characterization of a kinase specific for the serine-and arginine-rich pre-mRNA splicing factors.  Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA., 91(1994): 10824-10828.

[8]  Zhang,Q.Y., Li,Z.Q., Jiang,Y.L., Liang,S.C., Gui,J.-F., 1997. Discovery of virus pathogen from soft-shelled turtle Trionyx sinesis. Chinese Science Bulletin, 42(6): 503-506.

[9]   Zhang,Q.Y., Li,Z.Q., Gui,J.F., Studies on morphogenesis and cellular interactions of Rana grylio virus (RGV) in an infected fish cell line. Aquaculture, 175(1999): 185-197.

[10] Xie,J., Zhu,Y., Zhang,F., Gui,J.F., Differential gene expression of protein kinases in oocytes between natural gynogenetic silver crucian carp and amphimitic crucian carp. Chinese Science Bulletin, 44(14)(1999): 1297-1301.

[11]  Yang,Z.A., Li,Q.H., Wang,Y.F., Gui, J.F., Comparative Investigation on Spindle Behavior and MPF Activity Changes During Oocyte Maturation between Gynogenetic and Amphimictic Crucian Carp. Cell Research, 9(2)(1999): 145-154.

[12]  Yang,Z.A., Cao,D., Gui,J.F., Oscillatory change of SR-protein kinase activities during oocyte maturation meiosis in fish. Progress on Natural Sciences, 10(2)(2000): 147-151.

[13] Zhou,L., Wang,Y., Gui,J.F., Analysis of genetic heterogeneity among five gynogenetic clones of silver crucian carp, Carassius auratus gibelio Bloch based on detection of RAPD molecular markers. Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics, 88(2000): 133-139.

[14] Zhou,L., Wang,Y., Gui,J.F., Genetic evidence for gonochoristic reproduction in gynogenetic silver crucian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio Bloch) as revealed by RAPD assays. J. Mol. Evol. 51(2000): 498-506. 

[15]  Zhang, Q.Y.,  Li, Z.Q.,  Gui, J.F.,  Isolation of a lethal rhabdovirus from the cultured Chinese sucker Myxocyprinus asiaticus. Dis. Aquat. Org. 42(1)(2000): 1-9.

[16] Fan,L.C., Yang,S.T., Gui,J.F., Differential screening and characterization analysis of the egg envelope glycoprotein ZP3 cDNAs between gynogenetic and gonochoristic crucian carp. Cell Research, 11(1)(2001): 17-27.  

[17] Yang,L., Yang,S.T., Wei,X.H. and Gui,J.F.,  Genetic diversity among different clones of the gynogenetic silver crucian carp, Carassius auratus gibelio, revealed by transferrin and isozyme markers. Biochemical Genetics, 39(5/6)(2001): 213-225. 

[18] Xie,J., Wen,J.J., Chen,B., Gui,J.F., Differential gene expression in fully-grown oocytes between gynogenetic and gonochoristic crucian carps. Gene, 271(1)(2001): 109-116.

[19] Wen,J.J., Xie,J., Liu,S.G. and Gui,J.F.,  Differential expression and characterization analysis of a new gene with WD domains in fish oogenesis. Science in China, 44(2001): 541-553. 

[20] Zhou,L., Wang,Y. and Gui,J.F., Molecular analysis of silver crucian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio Bloch) clones by SCAR markers. Aquaculture, 201(2001): 219-228.

[21] Zou,Z., Cui,Y., Gui,J., Yang,Y., Growth and feed utilisation in two strains of gibel carp, Carassius auratus gibelio: paternal effects in a gynogenetic fish. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 17(2)(2001): 54-58.

[22] Zhang,Q.Y., Xiao,F., Li,ZQ., Gui,JF., Mao,J., Chinchar,V.G., Characterization of an iridovirus from the cultured pig frog Rana grylio with lethal syndrome. Dis. Aquat. Org., 48(1)(2001): 27-36. 

[23] Zhang,Q.Y.,  Li,ZQ., Gui,JF., In vitro Culture of embryonic hearts from guppy fish (Poecilia reticulata). Chinese Science Bulletin. 46 (19)(2001):1638-1641.

[24] Huang,X., Cheng, H., Guo,Y., Liu,L., Gui,J.F., Zhou,R., A conserved family of doublesex-related genes from fishes. J. Exp. Zool., 294(2002): 63-67.

[25] Shi,Y.H., Liu,J., Xia,J.H., Gui,J.F., Screen for stage-specific expression genes between tail bud stage and heartbeat beginning stage in embryogenesis of gynogenetic silver crucian carp. Cell Research, 12(2)(2002): 133-142.

[26] Zhou,L., Gui,J.F.,  Karyotypic diversity in polyploid gibel carp, Carassius auratus gibelio Bloch. Genetica, 115(2)(2002): 223-232. 

[27] Zeller,J., Schneider,V., Malayaman,S., Higashijima,S., Okamoto,H., Gui,J.F., Lin, S., Granato, M., Migration of zebrafish spinal motor nerves into the periphery requires multiple myotome-derived cues. Developmental Biology, 252(2002): 241-256. 

[28] Xie,J., Wen,J.J., Yang,Z.A., Wang,H.Y. Gui,J.F., Cyclin A2 is differentially expressed during oocyte maturation between gynogenetic silver crucian carp and gonochoristic color crucian carp. J. Exp. Zool., 295(1)(2003): 1-16.

[29] Zhang,Y.B., Zhang,Q.Y., Xu,D.Q., Hu,C.Y., Gui,J.F., Identification of antiviral-relevant genes in the cultured fish cells induced by inactivated virus. Chinese Science Bulletin 48(6)(2003): 581-588.

[30] Li,C.J., Gui,J.F., Comparative studies on in vitro sperm decondensation and pronucleus formation in egg extracts between gynogenetic and bisexual fish. Cell Research, 13(3)(2003): 159-169.

[31] Zhang,Q.Y., Ruan,H.M., Li,Z.Q., Yuan,X.P., Gui,J.F.,  Infection and propagation of lymphocystis virus isolated from the cultured flounder Paralichthys olivaceus in grass carp cell lines. Dis. Aquat. Org., 57(2003)：27-34.  

[32] Zhang,Y.B., Hu,C.Y., Zhang, J., Huang,G.P., Wei,L.H., Zhang,Q.Y., Gui,J.F.,  Molecular cloning and characterization of crucian carp (Carassius auratus L.) interferon regulator factor 7. Fish and Shellfish Immunology, 15(2003): 453-466. 

[33] Yi,M.S.,  Li,Y.Q.,  Liu,J.D.,  Zhou,L.,  Yu,Q.X.,  Gui,J.F.,  Molecular cytogenetic detection of paternal chromosome fragments in allogynogenetic gibel carp, Carassius auratus gibelio Bloch. Chromosome Research, 11（7）(2003)：665-671.

[34] Wei,W.H., Zhang, J.,  Zhang,Y.B., Zhou,L., Gui,J.F.,  Genetic Heterogeneity and Ploidy Level Analysis among Different Gynogenetic Clones of Polyploid Gibel Carp. Cytometry, 56A(2003): 46-52.

[35] Wen,J.J., Xie,J., Gui,J.F.,  cDNA cloning and characterization of a novel SNX gene differentially expressed in previtellogenic oocytes of gibel carp. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology (B), 136（3）(2003)：451-461.

[36] Zhang,Y.B., Gui,J.F., Molecular characterization and IFN signal pathway analysis of Carassius auratus CaSTAT1 identified from the cultured cells in response to virus infection. Developmental and Comparative Immunology, 28(2004): 211-227.

[37] Zhang,Y.B., Gui,J.F., Identification and expression analysis of two IFN-inducible genes in crucian carp (Carassius auratus L.). Gene, 325(2004)：43-51.

[38] Dong,C.H., Yang,S.T., Yang,Z.A., Zhang,L., Gui,J.F., A C-type lectin associated and translocated with cortical granules during oocyte maturation and egg fertilization in fish.  Developmental Biology, 265（2）(2004): 341-354.

[39] Hong,Y.H., Chen,S.L., Gui,J.F., Schartl,M., Retention of the developmental pluripotency in medaka embryonic stem cells after gene transfer and long-term drug selection for gene targeting in fish. Transgenic Research, 13(2004): 41-50. 

[40] Hong,Y.H., Liu,T.M., Zhao,H.B., Xu,H.Y., Wang,W.J., Liu,R., Chen,T.S.L., Deng,J.R., Gui, J.F.,  Establishment of a normal medaka fish spermatogonial cell line capable of sperm production in vitro. PNAS, 101(21)(2004): 8011-8016. 

[41] Zhang,Y.B., Gui,J.F.,  Identification of two novel interferon-stimulated genes from cultured CAB cells induced by UV-inactivated grass carp hemorrhage virus. Dis. Aquat. Org., 60(1)(2004): 1-9.  

[42] Zhang,Y.B., Li,Q., Gui,J.F., Differential expression of two Carassius auratus Mx genes in cultured CAB cells induced by grass carp hemorrhage virus and interferon. Immunogenetics, 56(2004): 68-75.

[43] Du,C.S., Zhang,Q.Y., Li,C.L., Miao,D.L., Gui,J.F., Induction of apoptosis in a carp leucocyte cell line infected with turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.) rhabdovirus. Virus Research, 101(2004): 119-126.

[44] Zhang,Q.Y., Xiao,F., Xie,J., Li,Z.Q., Gui,J.F.,  Complete genome sequence of lymphocystis disease virus (LCDV-C) isolated from China. J. Virol., 78(13)(2004): 6982-6994. 

[45] Yang,L., Gui,J.F., Positive selection on multiple antique allelic lineages of transferrin in the polyploid Carassius auratus. Mol.Biol.Evol., 21(7)(2004): 1264-1277.

[46] Yu,X.Y., Mao,Y., Wang,M.F., Zhou,L., Gui,J.F., Genetic heterogeneity analysis and RAPD marker detection among four forms of Atrina pectinata Linnaeus. J.Shellfish Res., 23(1)(2004): 165-171. 

[47] Wang,Y.,  Zhou,L., Yao,B., Li,C.J., Gui,J.F., Differential expression of  thyroid-stimulating hormone β subunit in gonads during sex reversal of orange-spotted and red-spotted groupers. Molecule and Cellular Endocrinology, 220(2004): 77-88.

[48] Chen,B., Gui, J.F., Identification of a novel C1q family member in color crucian carp (Carassius auratus) ovary . Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology (B), 138(2004): 285-293.

[49] Hu,C.Y., Zhang, Y.B., Huang,G.P., Zhang,Q.Y., Gui,J.F.,  Molecular cloning and characterisation of a fish PKR-like  gene from the cultured CAB cells induced by UV-inactivated virus. Fish and Shellfish Immunology, 17(4)(2004): 353-366.

[50] Yang,L., Zhou,L., Gui,J.F.,  Molecular basis of transferrin polymorphism in goldfish (Carassius auratus). Genetica, 121(2004), 303-313.

[51] Li,C.J., Zhou,L., Wang,Y., Hong,Y.H., Gui,J.F., Molecular and expression characterization of three gonadotropin subunits commonα, FSHβ and LHβ in groupers. Molecule and Cellular Endocrinology, 233(2005): 33-46.

[52] Wang,X.L., Mei,J., Sun,M., Hong,Y.H., Gui,J.F.,  Identification of three duplicated Spin genes in medaka (Oryzias latipes). Gene, 350(2005): 99-106. 

[53] Guo,W., Wang,Z.Y., Wang,Y.L., Zhang,Z.P., Gui,J.F., Isolation and characterization of six microsatellite markers in the large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea Richardson). Molecular Ecology Notes, 5(2005): 369-371. 

[54] Xu,H.Y., Gui,J.F., Hong,Y.H., Isolation and characterization of a vasa gene in gibel carp (Carassiu auratus gibelio). Developmental Dynamics, 233(2005): 872-882.

[55] Wang,X.L., Sun,M., Mei,J., Gui,J.F., Identification of a Spindlin homolog in gibel carp. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology (B), 141(2005):159-167.

[56] Chen,Y.D., Zhang,Y.B., Zhu,R., Zhang,F.T., Jiang, J., Shi,Y., Zhang,Q.Y., Chen, S.L., Gui,J.F., Inductive expression and characterization analysis of Paralichthys olivaceus pigment epithelium-derived factor in a virally infected cell line. Biochem. Biophy. Res. Commun., 335(2005): 799-809.

[57] Hong,Y.J., Yu,Z.J.,  Zhou,L., Gui, J.F., Population of red-transparent, triploid Carassius auratus. J.Fish Biol., 67(2005): 1139-1143. 

[58] Liu,J.X., Gui,J.F., Expression pattern and developmental behaviour of cellular nucleic acid-binding protein (CNBP) during folliculogenesis and oogenesis in fish. Gene, 356(2005): 181-192.

[59] Jin,S., Hu,G.A., Qian,Y.H., Zhang,L., Zhang,J., Qiu,G., Zeng,Q.T., Gui,J.F., Identification of one intron loss and phylogenetic evolution of Dfak gene in the Drosophila melanogaster species group. Genetica, 125(2005): 223-230.

[60] Chen,S.L., Wang,Z.J., Xu,M.Y., Gui,J.F.,  Molecular identification and expression analysis of natural resistance associated macrophage protein (Nramp) cDNA from Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Fish and Shellfish Immunology, 20(2006): 365-373.

[61] Geng,F.S., Zhou,L., Gui, J.F., Construction and characterization of a BAC library for Carassius auratus gibelio, a gynogenetic polyploid fish. Animal Genetics, in press.

[62] Zhang,Q.Y., Zhao,Z., Xiao,F., Li,Z.Q., Gui,J.F., Molecular characterization of three Rana grylio virus (RGV) isolates and Paralichthys olivaceus lymphocytes disease virus (LCDV-C) in iridoviruses. Aquaculture, available online.

[63] Zhou,L., Wang,Y., Yao,B., Li,C.J., Ji,G.D., Gui,J.F., Molecular cloning and expression pattern of 14 kDa apolipoprotein in orange-spotted grouper, Epinephelus coioides. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology (B), in press

下两位候选院士介绍：

05中科院候选院士介绍：孟安明

05中科院候选院士介绍：张东才

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